Straight sequence UTP cable and Crossover

Share article is about UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair), this article was a request from my friend adhie YFS, without intending to patronize following is a discussion of the UTP cable that I know.


UTP cable transmission medium is one of the most widely used to create a local network (Local Area Network), but because the price is relatively cheap, easy to install and quite reliable. As the name implies Unshielded Twisted Pair means twisted pair cable / twisted (twisted pair) without protective (unshielded). This convolution function is as elimination of the induction and leakage. Previously there was also cable STP (Shielded Twisted Pair), for example the picture can be seen below:

   
There are several different categories of UTP cables that show the quality, quantity pairnya winding density, the higher the closer katagorinya windings and other parameters such as the following:

• UTP cable Category 1 Used for telephone communication (transmits low-speed data), so as not cocock to transmit data.
• UTP cable Category 2 Capable of transmitting data at speeds up to 4 Mbps (Megabits per second)
• UTP cable Category 3 Used in 10BaseT network, capable of transmitting data at speeds up to 1Mbps. 10BaseT stands 10 Mbps, Baseband, Twisted pair.
• UTP cable Category 4 Often used in token ring topology, capable of transmitting data at speeds up to 16 Mbps
• UTP cable Category 5 capable of transmitting data at speeds up to 100 Mbps,
• UTP cable Category 5e capable of transmitting data at speeds up to 1000 Mbps (1Gbps), frequency signal that can be passed up to 100 MHz.
• UTP cable Category  6 Capable of transmitting data at speeds up to 1000 Mbps (1Gbps), frequency signal that can be passed up to 200 MHz. Physically there is a separator which is made of plastic that serves to separate the four pairs in the cable.
• UTP cable Category 7  
• gigabit Ethernet (1Gbps), the signal frequency 400MHz

For UTP cabling, there are two types of UTP cabling commonly used in computer networks, especially LANs, namely Straight Through Cable and Cross Over Cable


straight cable

Straight cable is a cable that has the same way of mounting between the end of one with the other end. Straight cables are used to connect two different devices.


Default order straight cable is as below are in accordance with the standard TIA / EIA 368B (the most widely used) or sometimes also used according to the standard TIA / EIA 368A as follows:

Examples of the use of a straight cable is as follows:

1. Connects the computer to the switch
2. Connect a computer to the LAN on the cable modem / DSL
3. LAN router connects with the cable modem / DSL
4. Connect the switch to the router
5. Connect the hub to the router

Cable cross over
A crossover cable is a cable that has a different arrangement between the end of one
ends of the two. Cross over cable is used to connect two devices together. The picture below is a standard arrangement of wires cross over.

Examples of the use of a crossover cable is as follows:

1. Connecting two computers directly
2. Connect two pieces of switch
3. Connect two pieces of hub
4. Connect a switch with a hub
5. Connect the computer to the router

8 pieces of existing wires in the UTP cable (either on a straight or cross-over cable) only four pieces are used to send and receive data, ie no cables on pins 1,2,3 and 6.


Creating Straight and Cross Over Cable

To create a wired network using UTP cable, there are some tools that we need to prepare, the UTP cable, RJ-45 Connector, crimping tools and RJ-45 LAN Tester, sample picture as below:

Practice makes cable Straight

1.Peel the end of the UTP cable, approximately 2 cm
2.Open spiral cable, align and urutankan wiring standards TIA / EIA 368B
3.After the order according to the standard, cut and flatten the ends of the cable,
4.Put the cable is straight and parallel into the RJ-45 connector, and make sure all the wiring position is correct.
.5Perform crimping using a crimping tool, press the crimping tool and make sure all the pins (brass) on the RJ-45 has "bite" each cable.
6.Once completed at the end of that one, do it again on the other end
7.The last step is pulled-check the cable that you created earlier by using the LAN tester, how inputs each end of the cable (RJ-45) to masing2 an available port on the LAN tester, turn it on and make sure all the LED lights up in accordance with the order of cable we make.
8.Below is an example of the end of the UTP cable that has an RJ-45 connector is installed properly, the cable sheath (blue) come into the connector, cable order from left to right (in the figure below pin cable sequence starting from top to bottom).

So a quick explanation UTP cable, UTP cable category, standard sequence of straight cable and cross over and how to make a straight network cable using a crimping tools, may be helpful.