International Telecommunication Union (ITU;

International Telecommunication Union (ITU; in French: Union internationale des Telecommunications, in Spanish: Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones) is an international organization established to standardize and regulate international radio and telecommunications. ITU was founded as the International Telegraph Union in Paris on May 17, 1865. Its primary purpose include standardization, allocation of radio spectrum, and organizing a series of interconnection agreements between different countries to allow international phone calls. Function for telecommunications is similar to the function of the UPU for the postal service. ITU is a specialized agency of the UN, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, in addition to the main building of the UN campus. ITU consists of three bureaus:

    *Bureau of Telecommunications (ITU-T)
    *Radiokomunikasi Bureau (ITU-R)
    * Development Bureau (ITU-D)

ITU leadership chaired by a secretary general and chairman of the ITU elections held every four years by the national members at the conference plenary. At the 17th plenary meeting held in Antalya Turkey and members of the ITU choose Dr Hamadoun I. Toure of Mali as secretary general.

1. Radio Communication (ITU-R) / Radio communication (ITU-R)Managing the international radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbit resources is the heart of the work of the ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R). ITU is mandated by its Constitution to allocate spectrum and register frequency assignments, orbital positions and other parameters of satellites, "in order to avoid harmful interference between radio stations of different countries". ITU is mandated by law to allocate spectrum and register frequency assignments, orbital positions and other parameters of satellites, "to prevent harmful interference between radio stations of different countries". The international spectrum management system is therefore based on regulatory procedures for frequency notification, coordination and registration. International spectrum management system is based on regulatory procedures for frequency notification, coordination and registration.Major tasks of ITU-R Also include developing standards for Radiocommunication systems, ensuring the effective use of the radio-frequency spectrum and studies concerning the development of Radiocommunication main systems.Tugas of ITU-R also includes the development of standards for radio communications systems, ensure the effectiveness of the use of radio frequency spectrum and studies concerning the development of radio communication systems.ITU-R further carries out studies for the development of Radiocommunication systems used in disaster mitigation and relief operations and Reviews These can be found within work Programmes of the Radiocommunication Study Groups. ITU-R further conduct research for the development of radio communication systems used in disaster mitigation and relief operations and these can be found in the work program of Radiocommunication Study Group. Aspects of Radiocommunication services associated with disasters include disaster prediction, detection, alerting and disaster relief. Aspects of radiocommunication services associated with disasters include disaster prediction, detection, warning and disaster management. In Certain cases, when the "wired" telecommunication infrastructure is Significantly or completely destroyed following a disaster, Radiocommunication services are the most effective in disaster relief operations. In certain cases, when the "wired" telecommunication infrastructure is significantly or destroyed after the disaster, radiocommunication services are most effective in disaster relief operations. Radiocommunication systems have been expanding at an incredible rate in the last Decades. The ITU Radio Regulations, and par- ticularly its Table of Frequency allocations, have been revised and updated almost regularly in view of the enormous demand for spectrum utilization. ITU Radio Regulations, and especially the Frequency Allocation Table, the company has been revised and updated almost regularly in view of the enormous demand for spectrum utilization. This is critical to keep pace with the rapid expansion of existing systems as well as the spectrum-demanding advanced wireless technologies that are being developed. It is essential to offset the rapid expansion of the existing systems and technology-demanding advanced wireless spectrum that is being developed. The ITU World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC), the which convenes every three to four years, is at the core of the international spectrum management process and constitutes the starting point for national practices. ITU World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC), which is held every three to four years, is the core of the international spectrum management process and is the starting point for national practices. WRC reviews and revises the Radio Regulations, an international treaty establishing the framework for the utilization of radio frequencies and satellite orbits Among ITU member countries, and considers any question of a worldwide character within its competence and related to its agenda. WRC review and revise the Radio Regulations, an international treaty establishes a framework for the use of radio frequencies and satellite orbits among ITU member countries, and considers the question of a worldwide character within its competence and related to its agenda. Equitable access to spectrum and orbital resources is of special concern, given the uneven needs of developed and developing countries. Equitable access to spectrum and orbit resources is of particular concern, given the average needs of developed countries and developing. As a consequence, the principle of a priori planning of spectrum and orbit resources is Considered in conjunction with a series of plans established by Radiocommunication conferences. Consequently, the principle of a priori planning of spectrum and orbit resources is considered in conjunction with a series of plans established by radiocommunication conferences.Through its various activities covering the implementation of Radio Regulations to the establishment of Recommendations and guidelines on the usage of radio systems and spectrum / orbit resources, ITU-R plays a vital role in the global management of radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits. Through a variety of activities which include the implementation of the Radio Regulations of the establishment of recommendations and guidelines for the use of radio spectrum resources system and orbit /, ITU-R plays an important role in the global management of radio frequency spectrum and satellite orbits. Reviews These limited natural resources are increasingly in demand from a large and growing number of services such as fixed, mobile, broadcasting, amateur, space research, meteorology, global positioning systems, and environmental monitoring that depend on Radiocommunication to Ensure safety of life on land, at sea and in the skies. Natural resources are increasingly limited to requests from a number of large and growing services such as fixed, mobile, broadcasting, amateur, space research, meteorology, global positioning systems, and environmental monitoring that depend on radiocommunication to ensure safety of life on land, at sea and in the sky.2. Standardization (ITU-T) / Standardization (ITU-T) ITU standards-making efforts are best known - and oldest - activity; known before 1992 as the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee or CCITT (from its French name "international Consultative Committee Telephonique et télégraphique") ITU standards-making efforts are best known - and oldest - activity. Working in the coalface of the world's fastest changing industry, today's Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) continues to evolve, adopting streamlined working methods and more flexible, collaborative approaches designed to meet the needs of an increasingly complex market.Specialists drawn from industry, public sector and R & D companies around the world meet regularly to discuss the intricate technical specifications that ensure that each piece of communications systems can interoperate seamlessly with the various elements that make up today's complex ICT networks danjasa. For manufacturers, they facilitate access to global markets and allow economies of scale in production and distribution, safe in the knowledge that the system ITU-T-compliant will work anywhere in the world: for purchasers from telcos to multinational companies to ordinary consumers, they provide assurances that equipment will integrate easily with other installed systems. Now there is a general understanding that the nature of the ICT market means you can not go alone. That is why, over the past eight years, ITU-T has adopted a very proactive stance when it comes to working with other standards organizations, from large industry entities to single-technology groups are smaller. As an ICT organization only truly global standardization, ITU has taken a leading role in bringing together senior figures from ICT standards groups worldwide, with the aim to develop cooperation between organizations and avoid duplication of effort. As in the past, when a seismic shift to change the world a simple telegraph to create wireline phone, followed by radio and satellite systems, fiber optic networks, and cellular, ITU-T plays a central and critical role in ushering in this new converged environment. ITU-T coordinates global efforts, promotes technical excellence and impartiality in standards development, and builds the consensus needed to ensure that new technologies and still embrace the whole world.3. Development (ITU-D) / Development (ITU-D)Established to help spread equitable, sustainable and affordable access information and communication technology (ICT). ITU Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU-D) was established to help spread equitable, sustainable and affordable access information and communication technology (ICT) as a tool to stimulate social and economic development more broadly. Held every four years, the World Telecommunication Development Conference (WTDC) establishes concrete priorities to help achieve this goal. Through a series of regional initiatives together with comprehensive national program, activity at a global level and some of the projects targeted, Sector works with partners in government and industry to mobilize the technical, human resources and finance needed to develop ICT networks and services to connect the unconnected. To that end, we encourage the expansion of global broadband connectivity that is spacious, simple and affordable for all and enables the migration to next-generation networks (NGN). In order to face the challenges posed by the rapid growth of ICT, we are promoting a regulatory and business environment through a variety of tools to enable policy makers and regulators that have resulted in innovation and a more efficient telecommunications markets. We support the deployment of new wireless and mobile technologies through projects that bring access to rural communities and, if necessary, provide disaster relief through emergency telecommunications. We furthermore help create a workforce that ICT-literate through various initiatives of our technical policy and training around the world, paying particular attention to the special needs of young people, women. Acting as a promoter and catalyst for ICT development, ITU-D is involved with government leaders and the international donor community to find the right balance between public and private investment. There is no "one size fits all" strategy to create digital opportunity, and ITU-D assist Member States in elaborating targeted national e-strategies, including in the field of e-government and e-learning. Furthermore, we endeavor to build safety in cyberspace by helping developing countries secure their networks and promote a culture of cybersecurity. In addition, ITU-D offers a much referenced, reliable statistics on trends and developments in the field of ICT and organize study groups on key questions facing governments and industry. ITU-D, policies and strategic direction are determined by governments and shaped by the industries it serves. Sector Development diverse membership includes telecommunication policy-makers and regulators, network operators, equipment manufacturers, hardware and software developers, regional standards development organizations and the financing institutions.4. It Telecom It Telecom ITU TELECOM organizes events such as exhibitions. A permanent General Secretariat, headed by the Secretary General, manages day-to-day work of the Union and the corporate sector. ITU T ELECOM brings together the top names from across the ICT industry as well as ministers and regulators and many more for a major exhibition, a high-level forum and a host of other opportunities. Through all that they offer, the events provide a networking platform for the ICT community in the world to come together, meet, network, featuring the latest technologies, explore the latest trends and get business done. This exhibition is a major component of each ITU T ELECOM events and features the top players from across the ICT industry. Expect to see an exhibition featuring the latest products, services and innovations, from broadband or IP-enabled services to mobile and wireless technologies, next-generation networks, satellites and much more. Companies and technologies on the show floor span the full range of industries. Show Floor also includes the T ELECOM VILLAGE, a quiet environment at the core of the event, designed specifically for business productivity, where companies can base their headquarters selamaacaratersebut guests. Running alongside the exhibition is the Forum, which brings together CEOs on behalf of the industry-including and regulators, government and industry visionaries-to debate and explore the trends shaping the global ICT industry of tomorrow. Forum including the Youth Forum, which brings together the young university students from ITU member countries around the world - for a packed program of discussion and debate to shape the future of ICT in the world. It also includes the Telecommunication Development Symposium, a special convention aimed at improving the capacity of ICT in the most developed and low-income countries anggotaITU.